West Bengal

History and Geography


The Condition of Bengal discovers a popular position, even in pre-historic times. At enough duration of Alexander's intrusion, a powerful empire called Gangaridai decided over Bengal. Ascendancy of the Guptas and the Mauryas had somewhat little effect on Bengal. Later, Sasanka became Master of Bengal, and is said to have performed an essential part in north-eastern Indian in the early half of the 7th millennium. 

He was prevailed by Gopala, who established the Pala empire, which decided for hundreds of years and had designed a huge empire. The Palas were followed by the Sena empire, which was finished by Islamic kings from Delhi. Bengal was decided by various Islamic kings and governors until the Mughal interval in 16th millennium.

After the Mughals, record of modern Bengal started with the introduction of Western and British trading organizations. Battle of Plassey in 1757 changed the course of record, when the British first obtained a strong grip in Bengal and Indian. In 1905, it was portioned to achieve some governmental profits but individuals growing activity under the of The legislature led to the gathering in 1911. This activated off stressful activity for independence, which culminated with Freedom in 1947, and the partition thereafter.

After 1947, the merging of local settlement started, which finished with its final reorganisation in 1956 (as per Suggestions of the Declares Reorganisation Act, 1956), when some Arabic speaking places of a nearby state were moved to Western Bengal.

The area frontier of the Condition variations Bangladesh in the eastern, and is divided from Nepal in free airline. Bhutan can be found in the north-east, while Sikkim is on the northern. On free airline are the usa of Bihar, Jharkhand, while in the southeast can be found Orissa, and the Bay of Bengal, washing its southeast frontiers.

Agriculture

Agriculture performs a critical part in the Region's economic system and nearly three out of every four persons are directly or ultimately engaged in farming. The complete meals development in the Condition in 2004-05, was 16107.2 million loads. During 2004-05, the development of grain was 14884.9 million loads, of rice 841.5 million loads and of impulses 167.3 million loads respectively. The development of oilseeds during the same interval was 556.8 million loads and of spud 7106.6 million loads. The development of jute was 7853.2 million bales in 2004-05.

Industry

In 2005 the variety of accepted commercial suggestions in the Condition was provisionally approximated to be 386 with a complete financial commitment of Rs 17968.41 crore. In this interval from 1991 to 2004, accepted commercial financial commitment suggestions obtained by the Condition were 4029 including a complete financial commitment of Rs. 75720.59 crore.

In the interval from 1991 to 2004, 991 tasks with a complete financial commitment of Rs. 26680.14 crore were applied. In 2005, according to the available details, 161 tasks with a complete financial commitment of Rs. 1914.72 crore were applied in the Condition. On 31 Dec 2005, 65 significant tasks (projects with financial commitment over Rs. 25 crore) with a complete financial commitment of Rs. 8987 crore under execution in Western Bengal.

The biggest variety of significant tasks under development is situated in Burdwan followed by Purba Medinipur. In the industrially in reverse region of Bankura, 7 significant commercial tasks are arriving up. Six of these are in the metal and metal market and the other is a concrete device. In Purulia, another industrially in reverse region, 5 significant tasks are under development. The four tasks are in the metal and metal market and the other is a concrete device.

While commercial financial commitment has been improving specially from the beginning of this several years, the career prospective of most models is much lower than the old labor intense models existing in the Condition. In these conditions the need is to improve numerous commercial financial commitment in the Condition. The Condition Govt has been able to get over the earlier misgivings of traders in investing in a Condition under a pro-labour government.

In association with practical actions to maintain investors' confidence, the Municipality has set in position a variety of strategy projects. The Municipality has promulgated in quick sequence a Bio-technology Policy, Mines and Nutrient Policy, Information Technological innovation Policy and Cover IT allowed services.

The Condition Govt has also been the first Condition Govt in Indian to come up with an act on Special Economic Area (SEZ). The first sector-specific SEZ in Indian, Manikanchan Gem and Jewelry Recreation area, has already become.

The deciding upon of South Oriental Free Business Place (SAFTA) contract on 18 Jan 2006 would provide opportunities as well as difficulties to Western Bengal, one of the boundary states in Indian. The purpose of SAFTA is to reduce current charges to less than five per cent within a period of your energy and energy and effort so as to improve trade among SAARC countries. functional in the Condition.

The Condition is perhaps one of the few states in Indian with excess energy. The Condition Govt has taken up a program to maintain this excess situation in in the future. In addition to improving significantly the installed energy creation capacity, the Municipality is also applying a variety of techniques for enhancing and increasing the transmitting and submission system.

The Condition Govt has also been helping the physical and social facilities in situations especially in towns. It has also been trying to improve the street connection in the Condition by building new streets or enhancing and building up the current street system. The 1600 crore Kolkata megacity Programme is being applied by the Kolkata Urban Development Power (KMDA). 

Under the program a complete of 130 techniques weight a sum complete of Rs. 1267.33 crore in various areas like drinking water, traffic and transportation, sewerage and waterflow and drainage, strong waste management, real estate and area development, commercial complicated, broken enhancement, environment enhancement were taken up. The Kolkata Improvement Believe in (KIT) also utilizes techniques under Kolkata Megacity Programme (KMP). The Howrah Improvement Believe in (HIT) is also applying techniques under KMP. 

Under KMP 1,768 km of southeast waterflow and drainage route at Sodium Pond has been re-excavated. The most essential infrastructural venture being applied in the Condition is the Rajarhat New Town Project protecting a position of 3075 hectares in the northern southeast edge of Kolkata. Land purchase and development have been completed in Activity Area-I protecting 660 hectares. Intended for Place II protecting a position of 1050 hectares, area stuffing is in improvement.

The Development Regulators established to develop different towns in the Condition are also applying high variety of techniques. The Western Bengal Industrial Infrastructure Development Organization (WBIIDC) is the nodal state level organization for creating facilities specifically for the commercial industry, WBIIDC has so far developed 12 growth centers (industrial estates) situated at Kalyani (Phase-I, II & III), Falta, Uluberia, Bishnupur, Raninagar, Cooch Behar, Malda, Dabgram, Haldia and Kharagpur. 

The Western Bengal Industrial Development Organization (WBIDC), the primary organization in situations for advertising areas has recently been progressively engaged in creating facilities for the market industry. With financial commitment flow no longer a problem, WBIDC's promotional activities could best be formulated by offering cutting edge market particular 'parks' to traders.

The IT Division of the Condition Govt is the primary organization for advertising IT market in situations. Within a few months the IT market has obtained significant growth. At the moment complete trade earning of IT organizations situated in Software Technological innovation Recreation area (STP) is Rs. 2000 crore. Currently 180 IT and 55 ITes organizations are operating in Kolkata offering career to 35000 professionals.

 The Food Handling Industries and Farming Division of the Condition Govt Encourages meals processing areas in the Condition. The department has been trying to encourage small business owners to invest in the meals processing market. To repeat it places up meals recreational areas, subject to spoiling goods freight buildings, qc labs, etc.

Irrigation and Power

Irrigation prospective designed in the Condition through significant and method watering tasks in 2004-05 was provisionally approximated at 1554.71 million hectares. At the moment only two significant watering tasks. Teesta Barriage Projects (TBP) and Sabarnarekha Onslaught Project (SBP) are being applied in the Condition. In both these tasks the Condition is experiencing a variety of restrictions. 

As a result of these restrictions only 22,245 million hectares of watering prospective could be designed in the first three decades of the Tenth strategy in 2002-03 to 2004-05. It is expected that 10,000 hectares in 2005-06 and in 2006-07 15,000 hectares of watering prospective will be designed. 

So that complete watering prospective designed during the Tenth Plan would be nearly 37 million hectares. Currently nine method watering techniques in the region of Puralia are continuing. A complete of 12.41 million hectares of watering prospective have been designed through method watering techniques in the first three decades of the Tenth strategy.

Power in Western Bengal is currently produced by the Western Bengal Power Development Organization Restricted, Western Bengal Condition Power Board, Calcutta Power Provide Organization, Durgapur Project Restricted, Disergarh Power Provide Organization etc. Total creation of energy produced by the Condition organizations was 17115 MU in 2005-06 (up to Apr to Nov 2005). The count of moujas electrified during 2005-06 (up to Nov 2005) is 32552 and the count of push places energized is 1,13,759.

Transport

Roads: The length of streets under state roadways is 3,354 km, under PWD 12,288 km, and that of the region streets is 41,278 km respectively.

Railways: Howrah, Asansol, Sealdah, Bandel, Bardhaman, Kharagpur and New Jalpaiguri are the main junctions in Western Bengal.


Festivals


Durga Puja is the most essential event along with Kali Puja or Diwali besides Vasant Panchami, Lakshmi Puja, Holi, Sivaratri, Janmasthami, Id-ul-Fitr, etc.

Tourist Centres

Important vacationer centers are, among others Kolkata, Digha (Midnapore), Bakkhali Sea Hotel, Sagar Isle and Sundarbans (South 24-Parganas), Bandel, Tarakeswar, Kamarpukur (Hooghly), Gadiara (Howrah), Shantiniketan and Bakreshwar (Birbhum), Durgapur (Burdwan), Mukutmanipur and Vishnupur (Bankura), Ayodhya Mountains (Purulia), Murshidabad, Gour and Pandua (Malda), Darjeeling, Mirik, Kalimpong, Sandakfu and Falut and Kurseong (Darjeeling), Jaldapara and Dooars (Jalpaiguri).