Punjab

History and Geography

Historical Punjab established aspect of the wide Indo-Iranian area. In later years, it saw the go up and down of the Mauryans, Bactrians, Greeks, Sakas, Kushans and Guptas. Historical Punjab experienced the supremacy of the Muslims. Ghaznavi was followed by the Ghoris, the slaves, the Khiljis, the Tughlaqs, the Lodhis and the Mughals. 

Fifteenth and 16th hundreds of years noticeable a period of watershed in the record of Punjab. Through lessons of Expert Nanak, Bhakti activity obtained a great inspiration. Sikhism started as a socio-religious activity, which was more enthusiastic about battling evils in spiritual beliefs and community. It was Expert Gobind Singh, the 10th Expert, who modified the Sikhs into the Khalsa. They increased to process tyranny and after hundreds of years of servitude, recognized a gentle Punjabi Raj depending on secularism and patriotism. 

Maharaja Ranjit Singh, in the conditions of a Nearby author, modified Punjab from Madam Kada to Bagh-Bahisht (from the residence of sadness tothe lawn of paradise). But soon after his loss of life, the entire building flattened due to inner intrigues and English machinations. After two abortive Anglo-Sikh conflicts, Punjab was lastly annexed to the English Kingdom in 1849.

The battle against the English concept had started lengthy before Mahatma Gandhi's appearance on the landscape. The rebel found concept through the activity of a revivalist or reformist personality. First, it was the Namdhari sect, which considered in self-discipline and self-rule. Later, it was Lala Lajpat Rai who performed a significant aspect in the Freedom Movement.

 Punjab was in the vanguard of India's freedom battle on all methodologies in Indian and overseas. Punjab's problems did not end with Freedom, as it had to face the agony of Partition with large-scale bloodshed and migration. Besides their recovery, there was the process of reorganisation of the Condition.

Eight princely declares of The southern part of Punjab were arranged together to form a single state known as PEPSU - Patiala and the The southern part of Punjab States Partnership - with Patiala as its investment. PEPSU state was combined with Punjab in 1956. Later in 1966, Haryana was designed out of Punjab.

Situated in the north-western area of the country, Punjab is limited on the european by Pakistan, on the northern by Jammu and Kashmir, on the north-east by Himachal Pradesh, and on the southern by Haryana and Rajasthan.

Agriculture

Punjab Condition with only 1.5 % regional place of country generates 22 % of Rice 12 % of Feed and 12 % of Pure cotton in the country. The farming concentration of Punjab Condition is more than 186 % which has gained a name of "Food bag of the country and granary of India". 

It has been combining 40-50 % of rice and 50-70 % of wholesome for the last two years. In Punjab per hectare intake of manure is 177 kg as in comparison to 90 kg at nationwide stage. Also Punjab Condition has been granted National Efficiency Prize for farming expansion services for repeatedly ten years from 1991-92 to 1998-99 and 2001 to 2003-04.

Industry

There are 2.04 lakh small-scale models in the Condition. These models generate bike areas, stitching devices, their hands, device resources, car areas, electric items, activities products, medical equipment, set products, leg wear, knitwear, basics, fabrics, glucose, veggie oil, etc., providing career to about 9.35 lakh individuals. In large/medium market there are 600 large/medium range models. S Nagar, Mohali in the area of Chandigarh has appeared as an eye-catching location for IT and IT allowed areas. 

Under the Commercial Features Upgradation Plan (IIUS). Government of Indian has approved two tasks namely Knitwear Group and Bicycle Parts Group at Ludhiana for execution in Punjab. The main purpose of the scheme is to improve Worldwide Competition of the household market by offering quality infrastructure through public/private contribution in clusters/locations which have greater prospective to become worldwide aggressive.

Irrigation

Punjab being an agricultural state, a very great concern is being given to farming Development. The water available in Punjab is much less as as opposed to area prospective. Therefore, to increase development per device of water resources, it is stressed to use every fall of water available properly and properly. Even Government of Punjab is taking up a variety of tasks for the variation of plants. Due to better watering control, an extra 0.97 lakh hectare of place has been introduced under cotton plants in various cotton increasing regions of Punjab. 

The Geographical place of the Condition is 50.36 lakh hectares having a social place of 42.90 lakh hectares out of which 33.88 lakh hectares is instructed by a wide system of tunel infrastructure having a duration of 14,500 km of main and division pathways distributaries and those under 18.

Ranjit Sagar Dam is a versatile stream area venture which has been designed 8 km upstream of Madhopur Head Performs. It consists of 160 metre great globe core-cum pebbles spend dam on stream Ravi with a total prospective to the track of 3.48 lakh hectares of area. Punjab Irrigation and Waterflow and drainage Project Stage II with credit support from World Financial institution has been finished. 

Irrigation prospective of the current watering program has been enhanced by finishing the coating of 1,092 km duration of programs, coating of 33,000 km of water programs and modernisation of 295 tunel control components have been finished under the World Financial institution Project. Rehabilitation of 1,260 km duration of Channels and 53 km new Channels have also been finished with state resources. The variety of tasks for improving the potential of 6 tunel techniques and improving the potential of 3 pathways of Bathinda Canal System amounting to Rs 18.83 crore have been finished.

Project for renovation of UBDC System to use extra resources available on realization Ranjit Sagar Dam has been taken up under AIBP Plan. A complete duration of 298 km of main/branch pathways out of 364.10 km and 1507 km duration of lined/unlined distributaries/minors out of 1,557.25 km duration offered in the venture has since been finished at a price of Rs 140 crore. 

For early realization on-going UBDC Project, the stability perform was taken up on war ground which the resources of Rs 20 crore were launched by the Municipality. The bottleneck of providing required discharges in Kasur Branch Lower and Sabraon Branch Canal Systems has eliminated by process the renovation of their mother or father route, i.e., Kasur Branch Higher, thereby repairing sufficient tunel water resources to the wide farming place of UBDC System.

It is suggested to turn Banur Canal System from non-perennial to evergreen for which the Project charging Rs 38.08 crore is under sanction of NABARD. In the same way, the Purpose of side coating Main Branch Canal charging Rs 39.55 crore is also under sanction of NABARD. 

Above all, a combined Project charging Rs 299.22 crore for improving potential of various programs of BML Canal System, Sirhind Canal System, Sirhind Bird birdfeeder System, Bist Doab Canal System and The southern part of Canal System has been suggested for financing by NABARD, under which an extra watering prospective of 33,000 hectares besides offering better watering facilities and about 1,98,000 hectares is focused, thereby providing increase to meals grain development in the Condition.

The in reverse Kandi Area in Punjab has been designed by development of 11 Low Public works irrigating place of 12000 hectares and realization Kandi tunel will irrigate are of 19867 hectares providing on natural trend to the place. 1615 strong tubewell for watering specifications and extra duration of 3905 km water programs appears covered on situations. 

The effect water desk in southeast state of Punjab has been decreased by development of new empties and renovation of current 8000 km of strain, 1800 km of overflow security embankments and about 3800 stream training perform have also been finished. Set up of superficial tubewells along Sirhind Bird birdfeeder in the most crucial areas also assisted arresting the seepage from the Canal. On the watering front side about 60 % of the complete irrigated area is provided private/government tubewells and staying 40 % is irrigated through pathways.

Power

The development of Bhakra Nangal Complicated such as Bhakra Dam, Bhakra Main line, Nangal Hydel Channel, Ganguwal and Kotla Power House, Harike Onslaught, Sirhind Bird birdfeeder, modifying of Madhopur Headwork into Onslaught, etc., and Beas Dam at Pong have been some of the significant Irrigation and Wave Projects which have performed a important aspect in important improving the watering and power prospective of the Condition. 

Madhopur Beas Weblink was designed to exchange excess water of Ravi to Beas. A similar Beas-Satluj Weblink Project envisages the using the Beas water for the development of power at Slapper and then this water to Gobind Sagar pond. The Mukerian and Anandpur Sahib Wave tasks are two essential watering and power tasks.

Ranjit Sagar Dam is versatile River Valley Project, along with a 160 metre great globe main cum pebbles spend dam on stream Ravi, with a total storage space potential of a tank as 3,280 thousand cusecs. It provides extra watering prospective of 3.48 lakh hectares of area. All the four models of Ranjit Sagar Dam (4 x 150 MW) have been requested efficiently. 

Annual creation from this venture shall be 2,100 MU's out of which 4.6 % of your produced shall be offered free of charge to Himachal Pradesh and 20 % energy produced shall be offered to J&K at authentic price. By the realization this dam water of all three waterways assigned to Punjab under Indus Water Agreement will be utilized. About Rs 500 crore yearly has started accumulating and this venture is likely to protect its own price by the next four to five years.

Peda

Punjab Power Development Organization (PEDA) has applied a special program of 2HP Solar power Photovoltaic or pv. Water Places for watering specifications in situations with financial aid of Rs 41.45 crore from the Secretary of state for Non-Conventional Power Sources, Government of Indian. 

So far 1,700 of such solar water pushes sets have been set up in situations discuss FY 2000-01. Another 700 of solar pushes sets are under performance. PEDA has also taken up the performance of eight Small Hydel Projects with a complete potential 9.8 MW on tunel drops as technological innovation display tasks. Another 44 Small Hydel Projects with a complete potential of 36 MW have been assigned to personal market on BOO foundation.

PEDA has also requested 200 kwp Solar power Photovoltaic or pv Lines Entertaining Power Place at town Khatkar Kalan, Distt. Nawanshahar at a sum complete of Rs 4.5 crore with 67 % allow from MNES Government. of Indian. This venture has been devoted to the country on 23 April 2003 by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Honourable Chief executive of Indian. 

PEDA has also been approved 1 MW Biomethanation livestock dung centered display power venture at Haebowal Milk Complicated (Ludhiana). The price of this venture is Rs 14 crore (approx). MNEX has offered 50 % allow for this venture. This venture was requested on 3 Nov 2004. The perform of Sardar Swaran Singh National Institution of Alternative Power on Jalandhar-Kapurthala Street with allow of Rs 38 crore from MNES, is also under performance.

Transport

Roads: Community Performs Division Building and Streets division has been accountable for resources of Condition Government with regards to roads, connects and structures.

The complete Network Length is 50,506 km. Punjab Streets and Bridges Development Panel was recognized as a legal body in 1998 with the enactment of PRBDB Act (No. 22) of 1998 with a primary aim of mobilising extra resources for state roads.

Railways: The duration of the railroad tracks moving through the Condition is around 3,726.06 km. Rail interaction with Pakistan also hails from Punjab (Amritsar).

Aviation: There are Four Municipal Aircraft Groups at Ludhiana, Patiala, Amritsar and Jalandhar, one household terminal at Chandigarh; Worldwide Airport at Rajasansi (Amritsar) and two aerodromes at Patiala and Sahnewal (Ludhiana).

Fairs and Festivals

Besides celebrations of Dussehra, Diwali, Holi, other essential festivals/fairs/melas are Maghi Mela at Mukatsar, Non-urban Sports at Kila Raipur, Basant at Patiala, Hola Mohalla at Anandpur Sahib, Baisakhi at Talwandi Saboo, Urs at Rauza Sharif at Sirhind, Chappar Mela at Chappar, Sheikh Farid Agam Purb at Faridkot, Ram Tirath at Village Ram Tirath, Shaheedi Jor Mela at Sirhind, Harballah Sangeet Sammelan at Jalandhar and Baba Sodal at Jalandhar. In addition to above festivals and celebrations, 3 lifestyle celebrations at Amritsar, Patiala, Kapurthalla are also famous every year and are very popular among the visitors.

Tourism

Punjab is acknowledged as the granary of Indian and also enjoy, a pretty great per household income. However, the Condition has to generate extra resources for guaranteeing healthy development. Travel and leisure, Worldwide and household, provides the best leads of assisting the Condition both in the temporary and on a lengthy lasting foundation generate important amount of income for conference necessary specifications of the Condition. 

It has to be acknowledged that tourism not only generates career, it also improvements human abilities and the infrastructure designed for tourism is used by all other areas of the economic system. Therefore, growth and progression of tourism must not be considered in solitude and the Condition must embrace a strategy for its development.

Since tourism is a blend market, its development presupposes contribution of different organizations and demands collaboration and sychronisation at different stage. The Condition understands that out of control development of tourism can harm not only our social lifestyle but also our social and social principles. Therefore, the Condition would present appropriate control for an organized and controlled development of tourism and marketing of lifestyle of Punjab.



The Condition Govt has declared new Travel and leisure Plan to create tourism as the significant industry of Punjab by offering authority and organisational and ideal route, to enhance the excellent of the tourism item, to create locations of vacationer attention, to offer necessary features for all groups of vacationer and pilgrims, to promote Punjab Travel and leisure items worldwide and locally so as to offer career and for the financial, atmosphere, public and public advantage of our people with the following goals to get the preferred outcomes imagined in the papers.

The Condition has a lot of locations of vacationer attention some of such as Fantastic Forehead, Durgiana Mandir, Jallianwala bagh in Amritsar, Takhat Sri Kesgarh Sahib and Khalsa Culture Complicated at Anandpur Sahib, Bhakra Dam, Qila Androon and Moti Bagh Structure at Patiala, Wetland at Harike Pattan Sanghol for ancient significance and Chattbir Zoo, Mugh. Complicated at Aam Khas Bagh and Rauza Sharif of Sheikh Ahmed at Burial plots of Afghan Guidelines, Sodal Forehead at Jalandhar commemorative Maharishi Balmiki Culture.

The state also has a lot of locations of vacationer attention, some of such as Fantastic Forehead, Durgiana Mandir, Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Takhat Keshgarh Sahib and Khalsa Culture Complicated at Anandpur Sahib, Bhakhra Dam, Quila Androon and Moti Bagh Structure at Patiala, Wet area at Harike Pattan, Sanghol for historical significance and Chhatbir Zoo, Mughal Monument Complicated at Aam Khas Bagh, and Roza Sharif of Sheikh Ahmed at Sirhind with graves of Afghan Kings, Sodal Forehead at Jalandhar, and Ram Tirath Commemorative Maharishi Balmiki's heritage.